CAIE考试局A-Level AS物理常考公式

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CAIE考试局A-Level AS物理常考公式

Force and motion力和运动

velocity,v=Δs/Δt

acceleration,a=Δv/Δt

v=u+at

s=ut+1/2 at2

v2=u2+2as

s=(u+v)t/2

resultant force,F=ma

weight,W=mg

torque of a couple=force×perpendicular distance between forces

work done,W=Fscosθ(θis the angle between F and s)

gravitational potential energy,GPE=mgh

kinetic energy,KE=1/2 mv2

internal energy,U=∑PE+∑KE

power,P=W/t=Fv

momentum,p=mv

resultant force,F=∆p/∆t

conservation of momentum,

m1u1+m2u2=m1v1+m2v2

density,ρ=m/V

pressure,p=F/A

pressure,p=ρgh

Materials材料学

tension,F=kx

stress,σ=(force))/(cross-sectional area)

strain,ε=(extention))/(original length))

Young modulus,E=σ/ε

elastic potential energy or strain energy,

E=1/2 Fx=1/2 kx2

Electricity电学

electric field strength,E=F/Q

electric field strength in a uniform field,E=-V/d

current,

I=∆Q/∆t

I=nAvq

the elementary charge,e=-1.6×10-19C

potential difference,V=∆W/∆Q

resistance,R=V/I

power,P=VI=V2/R=I2R

work done,∆W=VI∆t

combined resistance of resistors in series,

combined resistance of resistors in parallel,

resistivity,ρ=RA/l

terminal p.d.,V=e.m.f.-Ir

potential divider circuit,

electron volt,1eV=1.6×10-19J

Waves波

frequency,f=1/T

wave speed,v=fλ

intensity,I∝A2

constructive interference,path difference=nλ=(2n)λ/2

destructive interference,path difference=(2n+1)λ/2

double-slit diffraction,λ=ax/D

diffraction grating,dsinθ=nλ

When the observer is at rest,observed frequency,